peak_demand_hournumberdefault: 180–23 (step 1)Hour of day (0–23) to analyse for grid stress. Evening peak (18:00) typically drives transformer loading.
Shifting demand away from the 17:00–20:00 peak window is the primary lever for avoiding grid reinforcement costs.
pv_penetration_pctnumberdefault: 200–100 (step 5)Percentage of buildings assumed to have rooftop photovoltaic systems installed.
High PV penetration reduces midday net demand but can cause reverse power flow and voltage rise on low-voltage feeders.
storage_capacity_kwhnumberdefault: 00–500 (step 10)Capacity of shared battery storage per city block in kWh. Shifts PV surplus to evening peak.
Even 50–100 kWh per block can shave 20–30% off evening peak demand when combined with 20%+ PV penetration.
grid_carbon_intensitynumberdefault: 2330–800 (step 10)Emission factor of the local electricity grid. Use current national average or a future decarbonisation scenario.
Reducing grid carbon intensity from 400 to 100 gCO2/kWh quadruples the carbon benefit of demand reduction and electrification.
Run with default settings to see the evening peak demand map. Then: - Increase pv_penetration_pct to 60% to see midday export zones - Add storage_capacity_kwh = 100 to see peak-shaving effect - Adjust peak_demand_hour to 12:00 to analyse solar-noon grid interaction High grid_stress buildings (>0.8) are candidates for demand-response programmes or local storage.