climate_zoneselectdefault: temperatetemperate | hot-arid | hot-humid | cold | polarBroad climate classification for the district. Drives heating and cooling degree days and therefore base energy demand.
Polar and cold climates roughly double energy demand compared to temperate. Hot-humid climates increase cooling loads significantly.
building_standardselectdefault: 1980-2010pre-1980 | 1980-2010 | post-2010 | passive-houseConstruction era / energy code governing insulation, airtightness and glazing performance.
Pre-1980 stock consumes ~8× the energy of passive-house standard. Upgrading to post-2010 code typically halves heating demand.
occupancy_typeselectdefault: mixedresidential | commercial | mixed | industrialDominant use of buildings in the district. Affects internal gains, operating hours and plug loads.
Industrial and commercial buildings use 40-60% more energy per m² than residential due to longer operating hours and process loads.
heating_copnumberdefault: 31–6 (step 0.5)Coefficient of Performance of the heating system (heat pump or boiler efficiency proxy). Higher values reduce energy bills and carbon.
Raising COP from 1.0 (direct electric) to 4.0 (heat pump) cuts heating electricity use by 75%.
cooling_copnumberdefault: 2.51–6 (step 0.5)Coefficient of Performance of the cooling system (air-conditioning efficiency).
High-efficiency chillers (COP 5-6) versus split units (COP 2-3) can halve cooling electricity and peak grid demand.
analysis_yearnumberdefault: 20302024–2100 (step 1)Target year for carbon intensity projections. Grid decarbonisation reduces operational carbon even at fixed energy use.
By 2050 many EU grids project <50 gCO2/kWh, reducing operational carbon by 80% versus today at no change in building efficiency.
Start with default settings to see a baseline energy map. Then explore scenarios: - Switch building_standard to 'passive-house' to model a deep-retrofit programme - Increase heating_cop to 4.5 to represent heat-pump rollout - Advance analysis_year to 2040 to project carbon savings from grid decarbonisation Combine with the Renewable Energy Optimization model to identify which buildings benefit most from on-site generation.